Device for increasing the efficiency of internal-combustion engines



. I. EHRAT'. .DEVICE Fon INCREASING THE EFFICIENcY or INTERNAL coMusTIoNENGINES'.

APPLICATION FILED MARK. 15| i921.

Patented Apr. 2511922.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

y q Q3 J. EHRAT.

DEI/ICE FOR INCREASING THE EFFICIENCY 0F INTERNAL CONIBUSTION ENGINES.APPLlcATloN FILED MAR. I5, 1921.

1,413,7 1 1, Patented Apr.25,1922.

l a 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

WWK/v i @SAM 'WLrmbL Q3/fr@ rreo sr'r JACOB EHRAT, or ZURICH,`swrrzEE'riaitn.V

To all u1/tom t may concern: Be it known that I, .Liooe EHRAT, a citizenof the Republic of Switzerland7 and resident of Zurich, in the Canton`of Zurich,y

Switzerland, have invented certain new and useful Improvements m Devicesfor Increasing the Efficiency of Internal-Combustion 1 Engines, of whichthe following is a clear v and full specication, reference being hadface is spherical. l l

ber 5 thus form 'together a .bearing for av semi-spherical loscillatingvalve 8.: The supto the accompanying drawings, in which- Fig. l shows avertical section through the device;

Fig. 2 shows a sectional elevation of a porl tion of the device, takenatright angles .to that shown in Fig. l., and n Figs. 3 and 4 representa sectional view and a plan7 respectively, of details.

Referring in detail to these drawings, l

designates the engine cylinder 'and 2 a linv ing of steel Aittedtherein. The cylinder is surrounded by and made integral with acylindrical casing 3 and forms therewith a water-jacket 4 of ring-shapedsection serving for the cooling of the cylinder in the usual and knownmanner. Mounted at the top of the lining/1,2 is an interchangeableshielding member 5 which atits upper side is provided with a cup-shapedcentral portion and a circular groove 6, and at the circumference with ashoulder to serve as a rest for a supporting ring 7 of which the innerThe ring 7 and the meinporting ring 7- is providedywith two oppojsitelyldisposed openings 9 and.y 9 of which one serves as an inlet for themixture of gas entering from the suction chamber 10, while atdiametrically opposite places, two.A V- w shaped apertures 13 thetapered ends thereof the other opening allows the exhaust gases to bedischarged from the explosion' chamber into the'eXhaust channel V11.- Arecess machined in the top partvof the supporting ring 7 permits themounting therein of the oscillating valve 8, the said ring moreoverhaving four small slots 12, 12 and l2, 12',

their purpose 'being hereinafter described. The oscillating -valve hasfashioned therein,

terminating in a circular opening 13 and giving a certain resiliency tothe said valve. The latter possesses furthermore two oppositely arrangedintegral extensions 14 serving as bearings and' pivots Vfor the Arotarymovement of the valve.` A, sphericalk knob 15 secured vat the topofthefoscillating valve in thefmiddle part of a rod 16 forming a memberof the valve controlling gear, the said knob being adapted to be grippedand held by means of a slidable jaw 17 which, in

is made to engage with an opening provided i turn, is under the controlofl an adjusting screw 18 extending through one end ofthe `rod 16.v Therod'16 is journalled in sleeves 19 fitted in the top portion of theengine cylinder and made slidabletherein inan axial' direction. The endof the rod 16 vcz'irryingV the adpistmg s crew18 is coveredyand pro- .Atected by a casing 20, and the otherk end of such rod carries a .ring 21having a convex outer face andy adapted to be held `in position by anadjusting Ynut 22, Linkedto the i.

ring 21' is one arm of a leverg23 pivoted yto Vthe engine kcasing at 24,the means'jfor im .i

'parting a'swinging movement -to' this *lever` illustratedl being of theknown ,typeand therefore not Mounted in a Vhousingv located above .the

oscillating valve and formed by a cylindrical wall; is anaux'iliarycarbureter. The wall-25. 1n its lower part .is surrounded byacooling-water jacket 26 and the top part.

carries a cover-27 having a'central hollow portion 28 whichiscylindrical and projects downwardlyl thus forming with said.V wallavchamber 29. The cover portion k28 is provided upon its circumferencewith integral ring-shaped protecting 'ribs or flanges V-3() situated atfequal distances from each iother, .and `near its -topthere are aseriesof openings `31. A second 'cover 32 is adapted to close'the hollowportion 28 of the kfirst cover, A

while a fuel supply pipe33 extends through theformer and* ends in aiange 35 having a centralbore 34 terminatingv ina semispherical recess36. A float needlevalve37 c in turn extends through theifuel'supplylpipe and carries Vat `its lower `end4 a ball `38 of a size correspondingwith that of the recess 36 and therefore'adapted to close the same.

YThe fuel supply pipe 33 consists of an'inner land-an outer tubey whichareintegral with;v

.the aforesaid secondv cover y32 and consequentlyfforin a chamber `39which,` by.means of lateralV apertures 40 disposed near its top, iscaused to communicate with Vthe atmosphere Afor cooling purposes.

having a bridge-piecer42 at its base which.

A'floa'ti41 ofV ring-shaped section is mounted-between the bridge-pieceitself-:is provided with'a recess 43 corresponding with and designed toreceive the ball 38. An opening located at 4ta. in the cover 27 servesas a means to mount a safty valve with manometer connections (notshown). Z designates the ignition plug.

ln action the device described operates in the following manner. Y

Assuming that the several parts comprising the device are in theposition shown in Fig. 1 and that the lever 23 is continuouslv actedupon by some suitable mechanism and source of power (not shown), the rod16 is caused to be moved to and fro in the direction of the arrows7Fig. 1. On the movement of the rod 16 to the right the oscillating valve8 is made to turn far enough to cause the opening` 9 in the supportingring 7 to be freed thereby allowing the mixture of gases to enter fromthe suction chamber 10 into' the explosion chamber. The turning movementof the valve 8 into the position described has at the same time theeffect of bringing the apertures 13 of lthe oscillatingvalve into linewith the slots 12R, 12 in the supporting ring- 7. Upon the return of therod 16 into the position accordingv to Fig. 1 the mixture of gases nowin the explosion chamber is ignited by the ignition plug Z and made toexplode. Thereafter the rod .16, owing to the action of the lever 23, is

'moved to the left whereby the 'oscillating valve frees the opening 9 inthe supporting ring 7 and allows communication of such opening with thecorrespondingly situated exhaust channel 11. In this latter position ofthe oscillating valve the slots 12 12 in the ring 7 correspond with theapertures 13 in the said valve. a portion of the exhaust gases beingthen able to enter into the chamber 29 of the auxiliary carbureter. The

'liquid fuel contained in the hollow cover portion 28 is thereby heatedand reduced to gas which flows out through the openings 31 into thechamber 29. Thence the gases7 when the oscillating valve-8 is incorresponding position, that is, when it uncovers the openings 9 and12212 in the ring j can enter into thee'xplosion chamber and there mixwith the fuel coming from the main carbureter so thatby the subsequentexplosion theA efficiency of the engine 'is increased.

rPhe-fuel supplyv to the auxiliary carbureter is regulated b v means ofthe float 4L "fthe'bridge-:piece l2 thereof acting on the ball 38carriedby the needle-valve37. The ball 38, as vsoonas the fuelv in thehollow cover- "portion 28"has reached a' certain'levelthen closes'therecess' 85 and the bore 34 inthe supply pipe 33.

The gaseous fuel entering from the auxillary carbureter into theexplosion chamber 4iscaused`- to mix in theflatter with the fuelsupplied' from thev main carbureter, which has the'r great advantagethat the', formation ofi-"sedimentsy andl cleavages are prevented Yhasthe further advantage that. the exhaust gases are free from theotherwiseV nasty odours.

The construction of the oscillating valve and the supporting ringpossesses furthermore the advantage that upon the movement of the valvein one direction the inlet for the fuel relative to the main and theauxiliary carbureters is opened simultaneously, while the movement ofthe valve in the other direction similarly causes the outlet for theexhaust gases to be opened to the auxiliaryv carbureter and at the sametime to the exhaust channel 11.

The purpose and eifect of the shielding member 5 is that the oscillatingvalve is prevented from being unduly influenced either by pressure orheat coming from the explosion chamber. Again, owing` to a certainamount ofresiliency of parts of the oscillating valve it may expandduring its opera-tion lwithout danger of over-stress.

And since the main and auxiliary carbureters are :fed by two independenttuel containers, it is possibler toA use fuels of diiferent gravity.Heavy hydrogen-gases may for instance be used and supplied to the motorby the aid of the auxiliary carburetor.

rlhe device described, as already mentioned, has for its main purpose toincrease the efliciencyl of internal combustion -.engines, a feature ofespecial importance in connection with motors for'air craft.

inasmuch as it is possible to apply to every engine cylinder a separateauxiliary carbureter, a fine and thorough spraying of the fuel isobtained and therefore highest economy in the working ofthe motorrealized. Another considerable advantage of my device consists inits'great simplicity of constructiom thelatter consequently ensuringsafe working and lasting of the operatf ing parts.

Having now fully described my said invention what I claim and desire tosecure by Letters Patent is :-l Y. 1. In a device for .increasingthefe'liiciency of internal combustion engines, the combination with theenginel cylinder having a cylindrical yhousing at its top, of anauxiliary carburetor mounted in the housing, an: oscillatingfvalvearranged between the said housing andthe explosion chamber ofthe enginecylinder, and means to actuate the said valve and regulate the supply offuel to the auxiliary carbureter. Y

2. ln a device for increasing'the` efliciency of internal combustionengines, the combi,- nation, with the engine cylinder having-aJ liningof steel fitted therein and al cylindrical housing at the top, of anauxiliary earY burst/er mounted the housing, an oscillanting valvearranged between the said housing and the explosion chamber of theengine cylinder, an interchangeable shielding member mounted and restingon the steelgine cylinder having a cylindrical housing at the top, of anauxiliary carbureter mounted 1n the housing, an osclllating and sem1-spherical. valve arranged between the said housing and the explosionchamber of the engine cylinder and having two oppositely disposedV-shaped apertures terminating in a circular opening, an interchangeableshielding member litted in the cylinder and adapted to guide and protectthe oscillating valve, a supporting ring adjacent to and resting on theoutside of the said shielding member, the said supporting ring assistingin guiding the valve and being provided with two oppositely arrangedopenings and four slots serving as gas inlets and exhaust outletsrespectively, and means to actuate the oscillating valve, allsubstantially as and for the purpose set forth.

4. The combination, in the herein-described device for increasing theefficiency of lnternal combustion engines, of an en gine cylinder havinga cylindrical housing at its top and a main carbureter, a steel liningitted within the cylinder, an auxiliary carbureter of the floattypermounted in said housing, a semi-spherical fuel controllingoscillating valve arranged between the oas-` ing and the explosionchamber of the engine cylinder, a shielding member mounted on said steellining and adapted to guide the oscillating valve, a supporting ring adljacent to the shielding member to assist in guiding the said valve andhaving fuel. inlets and exhaust outlets which are controlled by theoscillating valve, and means to actuate the lattenthe said means comprising a spherical knob secured at-the top of the oscillating valve, ahorizontally disposed rod journalled in the top portion of the enginecylinder and having an opening with which the said knob engages,`andmechanism to cause the movement to and fro of the said rod in an vaxialdirection.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of twosubscribing Witnesses.

. JACOB EI-IRAT.- Witnesses: v f

E. ALDER, M. FRAISE.

